Lubricating installation



May 28, 1935.v J,. BIJR LUBRICATING INSTALLATION original Filed Jan.31,' 1921s To sTEzRmcGEAn 'T0 SHACKLE T0 REAR WHEEL T0 BRAKE SHAFT 1UKING P'N ATTORNEYS May 29,1935.-V y f J UUR R.19,5s9

LUBRICATING `INSTALLATION origin-a1 Filed Jan. s1, 1923 2 sheets-sheet 2ATTORN EYS Reisslied May 28, 1935 LUBRICATING INSTALLATION Joseph Bijur,deceased, late of New York, N. Y.,

by Auto Research Corporation, Dover, Del., as-

signee Original No. 1,797,203,

dated March 17, 1931,

Serial No. 616,016, January 31, 1923. Application'for reissue September14, 1932, Serial No.

21 Claims.

The present invention relates to the lubrication of mechanicalapparatus, by the use of a separate implement such as a lubricant gun,and the inventmn has its preferred application to motor vehicle.lubrication.

It is an object of the invention to provide an installation forrendering convenient and expeditious the lubrication of many or all ofthe bearings on the chassis by the use of a lubricant gun, and morespeciflcally,to eliminate the need for separate and distinct applicationand operation of the. gun for each bearing.

It is -another object to lubricate the bearings reliably from an oil gunwithout soiling the hands, without likelihood of inadvertently omittingthe lubrication of some of the multiplicity f bearings. and withoutsubstantial physical 'discomfort in lubricating the more inaccessiblebearings.

Another object is to provide a lubricating lnstallation, the use ofwhich shall not require the exercise of selective discretion, but inwhich, as the-remlt of a simple manipulation, lubrication is effected ateach of a group ofy bearings, and which is dependable regardless of thetightness or looseness of any of the bearings.

Another object is to provide an installation of tbe above type whichwill not be deranged by the entry of dust or dirt and the operation ofwhich will not require much manual effort.

Another object is to provide a system of the type mentioned, theelements of which are of simple and inexpensive construction, theassembly or installation of which shall be particularly easy and shallnot require substantial modification in the structure of the vehicle,and which avoids theuse of parts protruding substantially from thevehicle:

Another object is to provide a chassis lubricating system ailordingconvenience in lubrication while dispensing with the need for flexibleconduits to bridge between the relatively moving parts of the vehicle.

Another object is to provide an installation which, 11i.' injured as inan accident, will not be disabled beyond the vicinity of the damage, andin which repair or replacement may be readily en'ected According to onepreferred feature of the invention, the apparatus, the bearings of whichare to be lubricated, is provided with an appropriate inlet fitting forapplication thereto of a lubricant gun, preferably an oil gun, saidfitting communicating with a plurality of the bearings, "throughcorresponding outlets in suitable piping installed upon the apparatus.To avoid relief of the pressure from the gun and discharge of excesslubricant at the nearest or loosest of the bearings with consequentdeficiency at the remaining bearings, the line is provided with specialcontrol means which will respond automatically to the pressure appliedat the gun to assure delivery of lubricant in desired predeterminedproportions to the various bearings. The control means in one preferredembodiment, comprises highly restricted ducts in the various branches ofthe piping to the various bearings,l said ducts offering a resistance tonow which is high relative to the resistance of the `conduit or line orof the bearings, so that the rate of delivery at each of the bearings,while pressure is applied, will be substantially controlled by theresistance in the ducts and not by the length oi' the line or thetightness or looseness of the bearings. In another embodiment, thedelivery to substantially each of the bearings is controlled by adistinct measuring valve in the line, which opens under pressuretransmitted from the lubricant gun, to Dass oil and is automaticallyreclosed when a predetermined or measured quantity of oil has `passedtherebeyond.

vThe outlet restriction ducts or the valve control means are preferablyin the form of pipe fittings connected directly to bearings in lieu ofoil cups. Means is provided in the line, preferably valves, embodied inthe outlet fittings to prevent leakage or escape of lubricant from thepipe line except when pressure is applied thereto from theexterior.

In the preferred application to motor vehicles. independent pipe linesare provided for each set of related bearings, each provided with anappropriate inlet fitting for application of the lubricant gun.Preferably one pipe line is provided on the chassis frame to supply thespring shackles and. bolts, a second pipe line is on the front axle tolubricate the various bearings thereat, such as the king pins, tie rodbearings, the steering gear and front brakes, and a third line is on therear axle, from which are lubricated the rear brake mechanism, the rearwheel bearings and the like.

To prevent the possibility of interference with the operation of therestriction ducts or the measuring valves of the outlet fittings byintercepvtion thereat of any particles of dirt introduced at the inletfitting and carried with the oil, appropriete filter means is providednear each inlet fitting. To intercept any chips or other solids .pickedup in the length of the line beyond the -operating handle I5.

'interior-ly threaded as at 45 for coaction with external thread 46 oncollar 38, and said nozzle has a spherical seating portion 41 toengagelthe spherical head 33 on the inlet fitting. To apply the gun, itis brought, as best indicated in Fig. '7 into correct juxtaposition withrespect to the inlet fitting and the knurled flange 3l is turned 'tothread the nozzle 44 inward, so as to press the ball 3-nrmly between thespherical seat 40 on the collar 38 and the spherical seat 41 on the gunnozzle 44. By the construction set forth, a tight leuk-proof ball andsocket connection is effected between the gun and the inlet fitting,which perlmits `limited angular displacement of the gun,

should the operating force'upon the gun not be applied strictly alongthe axial line thereof.

` A preferred embodiment of lubricating gun is shown in Fig. 'I andincludes a cylinder 43 having an integral conical end 43 within which issecured a measuring or discharge tube 50, to the vend of which thenozzle 44 heretofore described is amxed. The gun includes a plunger isnugly fitting within the tube 53 and normally closing the lateral oilinlet 52 thereof. The plunger has an integral reduced stem 33 extendingaxially through the cylinder 48 and projecting therefrom through astuffing box 34 and having an integral A coil spring 56 encircles stem63 and presses against the collar 31 at the end of the pllmger Si, tourge the latter against the annular seat 63 provided in the nozzle 44.The end of the piston is provided with a yielding seating portion 53having an oil-proof facing to assure liquid-tight seating, in order. toprevent escape of oil left in the gun after or preparatory to use. Thegun plunger seat may be similar in construction to the relief valve inthe fitting of Fig. 8 heretofore described. 'Ihe oil gun casing has aremovable plug B0 through which it is charged, said plug being providedwith a valve 6I therein spring-pressed against its seat to close a.venting duct 32 through which air enters as oil is elected from the gunin operation. The plug 30 is preferably diametricaily opposite thelateral oil inlet 52 of the charging cylinder :and .said inlet extendsclose to the wall of the gum as shown, for a purpose appearing in thedescription of operation below.

It will be understood that the specific inlet fitting and the specificoil gun described, are largely illustrative, and that many of thebeneficial results of the invention may be achieved by the use of othertypes of lubricant gun and with different connecting means therefor. Tointercept any solid particles of dirt which may be admitted to the linefrom the oil gun, and which, if allowed to be carried with the oil,might rapidly clog the small strainers 30 in the outlet ttinga there isprovided special lter boxes B suitably mounted near the inlet fittingsoi thel lines. As shown in Fig. 3, the lter box B2 for the front axle isriveted or bolted as at 36 within the. channel at the rear side of saidaxle; the filter box B3 for the rear axle is similarly attached at therear top or bottom of the latter, and lter box B' for the chassis frameline is secured as shown in Fig. 6 to the inside of the channel frame ofthe vehicle.

A preferred form of filter element is best shown im the sectiomi view orFig. 4. This device comprises a stamped metal rectangular casing 61havingvathreaded inlet nipple 63 to which the length of pipe 33 from thecorresponding inlet fitting is ysecured as by a suitable union 10.Within the ,15 il is an appropriate felt or other absorbent lter pad 1Iheld in position by a rectangular cover 12 telescoped into the casingbase, the rim of the latter being crimped as at 13 over the rim of thecover. The cover element has an outlet bushing 14 also threaded as at 15for connection by means of a union 16 to a T fitting 11 which connectsto the length of the line as illustratively shown in Figs. 3 and 6. Toprevent contact by bowing of any substantial portion of the i'llterelement under oil pressure against the enclosing casing wall, whichmight interfere with the effectiveness of the filter, there issuperposed over the faces of the filter element, sheets of metal gauze18 and 19 contacted by ribs B0 and 8i pressed inward respectively fromthe casing and cover, the filter being clamped in position merely aroundits rim as at 32. Lugs 63 by which the filter casing is secured to theapparatus are preferably brazed or riveted as at 33 to the edge of thefilter box.

In operation, after the gun is charged with oil and the illling plug 60is secured, the operator applies the gun say to the inlet fitting F2 onthc front axle, by juxtaposing the nozzle 44 with respect to the ball 36and rotating the knurledcollar 33 until a firm connection isestablished. Thereupon the operator grasps the handle 55 and pulls itoutward once against the resistance of-spring 56, whereby lubricantwithin the gun cylinder 4,8 is forced through the lateral inlet 52 tofill.the interior of the discharge tube 50. Valve 33 in the inlet ttingacts as a check valve during this operation to prevent sucking oflubricant from the pipe line. If the pull is not directly inline withthe axis of the gun, no material strain will be exerted upon the partssince the ball and socket joint between the gun and fitting permits oflimited relative angular displacement for alignment with the directionof the pull. When the handle is now let go-assuming that the filter boxis omitted from the line and the weather is warm and the oilcorrespondingly fluid-the expansion of the spring 56 causes the plunger5| to move inward quickly toward the nozzle to eject or discharge themeasured charge of lubricant in the tube 50, through the duct 31.opening inlet valve` 33 againstthe opposition of spring 34 andtransmitting the substantial pressure exerted by spring 56 through theoil filling the length of the lineto the outlet fittings at thebearings. The pressure thus transmitted opens the valves 26 of the outofthe outlets O to flow, it might, particularly in cold weather when theoil has become viscous,-

take an appreciable interval for the spring 56 to discharge the gun,unless of strength greater than could be conveniently overcome by manualforce.

If the source of oil pressure is a permanent l part of the installation,it would be substantially a matter of indifference how long theautomatic discharge may take. The use of a separate oil gun, however, tobe applied to various inlets successively would be inconvenient were thedischarge to take longer than a few seconds. Accordingly at a suitablelocation on each of the lines, preferably between the inlet tting andthe filter box, thereof, there is preferably provided a small pressurebell which may comprise a T-iitsomewhat in excess of the sum of thecharges of the-various measuring valves on the line, thereby assuringtransmission of ample pressure through the line to etlectively seal eachof the measuring valveein its discharged position.

It is; of course, understood that, if desired, the restriction ductilttings of Fig. 8, and the measuring valve fittings of Fig. 9 may beused concurrently, on one and the same line, the former at' the bearingswhere slow drip feed is desirable and the latter at any bearings atwhich a slug of oi may be preferred.

Although, as heretofore noted, the invention has its preferredapplication to the lubrication of the bearings on the chassis of a motorvehicle, many of the features thereof are applicable to thelubricationof bearings on other mechanisms.

No claimis made in this application to the construction 'ufl theindividual elements per se. The

` drip plugf'for instance, shown at Fig. 8 is separately" claimed in theco-pending application Ser. No. 282,958.' led June 5, 1928, and'slncepatend under No. 1,732,828 of Oct. 22, 1929. The measuring valve shownin Fig. 9 is separately claimed in oni-pending application Ser. No.596,858, tiled October 25, 1922, and the lter of Fig. 4 ii separatelyclaimed in co-pending application 8er. No. 662,195, filed Sept. 12,1923.

` By seamless or solid tubing or piping is meant that such tubing orpiping is free of'open seams which would permit leakage of lubricant.

It will be noted that according to the system ofthe .present applicationthe inlet iittings F', 1'* and l"a aiotd quick detachable means inconjunction with the portable lubricant glm of Fig. 'l for coupling saidgun to the conduit systems feedbearings. l

Iorexample, by a quick detachable coupling of the glm to the inletiltting or nipple F', it is possible to simultaneously supply thebranched conduit system leading to four spring shackle bearings and thefour spring hinge bearings. 'Ihe branch conduits of these branchedconduit systems each lead to an individual bearing or bearing structure,and are associated with valved llttin`g means, such as and F' to preventreturn now. These branched conduits are connected to a single mainconduit having an inlet F' so that it is possible by a singleapplication of the lubricant gun of Fig. 7 to the inlet tosimultaneously supply lubricant to all of the bearings. The lubricantrgun and the metering fittings in the branched'conduits respectivelymeasure the total amount of lubricant and proportion this amount oflubricant among the bearings. The subsidiai-y .system just described issupported upon the chassis frame, and the operation and construction Foti'ltting means ln so that it is possible to supply all ofif'thesebearings simultaneously with the proper-quantity of lubricant by lasingle detachable-connection of the lubricant gun of Fig. 7. Intlle'case of the rear axle the branched conduits"'to the rear wheel andto the rear brakev are connected to a common inlet conduit provided withthe inlet arrangement F3.

is claimed is:

11. rn acnassu lubricating installation, in combination, a plurality ofindependent lubricant conduits, one for each of thesubstantiallydistinct structural units of the chassis, said conduits includingreadily accessible inlet ttings for the nozzle of a lubricant gun and'each including a plurality of outlets to corresponding bearings, andcontrol elements in the lines, one near each of the outlets, theelements on each line responding automatically to pressure applied bythe gun at the corresponding inlet fitting to deliver lubricant inpredetermined proportions from the conduit to'the bearings supplied fromthe branches thereof;

2. In a lubricating installation for motor vehicles, in combination, achassis frame line and a front axle line, each having outletsrespectively to corresponding bearings on the chassis frame and on thefront axle, each said vline comprising independent seamless metal pipingxed upon the corresponding vehicle structure, said lines havingsubstantially identical inlet ttings for application oi' a lubricantgun, and control means in the lines responding automatically to pressureapplied by the gun to deliver lubricant in prede- Asubstantiallyidentical inlet ttings for application vof a lubricant gun, and controlmeans in the lines responding automatically to pressure applied by thegun to deliver lubricant in predetermined proportions to the bearings.

4. The combination set'forth in claim 3 in which each of the controlmeans comprises a highly restricted duct to absorb pressure transmittedfrom the lubricant gun and in which a resilient bell serves to store thepump discharge for subsequent slow delivery.

5. Inl a lubricatingv installation, in combination, a system of pipinghaving branches and having an'inlet ttingfor application of a lubricantgun, said branches of high resistance to flow, and each having ranoutlet to corresponding bearings, means maintaining' the line normallyillled with oil, an air chamber communicating with the line, and a checkvalve near said inlet fitting, whereby upon application 'vof oilpressure to the line through the oil gun, said air chamber will becharged, said check valve will close and said air chamber will applypressure toA expel lubricant through the outlet fittings to thebearings.

6. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a system of piping,having branches, bearings, outlet ilttlngs connecting said branches tosaid bearings-each of said fittings having a highly restricted passagetherethrough to control the delivery to the bearing, an inlet ttingconnected to said piping, valve means normally maintaining said inletfitting closed, said inlet tting having means for application -of an oilgun thereto, and an air chamberv comprising a T tting in said linehaving an arm projecting from said line and closed at its outer end.

'7. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a system of pipinghaving branches and having an inlet for application of a lubricant gun,said branches of high resistance to ow, and each hav--` ing an outlet toa corresponding bearing, a pressure bell in the line, and near saidinlet to store the charge from the gun and subsequently force thelubricant through the line and a check valve a relatively movableelement line, each having outlets to corresponding bearings, each saidline comprising independent seamless metal piping llxed upon thecorresponding structure, said lines having substantially identical inletfittings for application of a lubricant gun, and control checkvalvedmeans in the lines responding automatically to pressure applied by thegun to deliver lubricant in predetermined proportions to the bearings.

17. The combination set forth in claim 16 in which each of the controlmeans comprises a highly restricted duct to absorb pressure transmittedfrom the lubricant gun and in which a resilient bell serves to store thepump discharge for subsequent slow delivery.

18. In a lubricating installation for a machine structure carryingbearings to be lubricated, the combination of a distributing pipe systemafilxed upon the structure, said system including outlet branchesleading respectively to corresponding bearings, pressure responsive flowcontrol checkvalved means at said bearings, said branch system having asingle inlet readily accessible from the exterior of the machine, saidinlet comprising a tting constructed and arranged for removableapplication thereto of a supply of lubricant under pressure by means ofwhich lubricant may be injected into the pipe system, said systemincluding a single means in advance of all the branches to eil'ectemission through the control means after Y the source of pressure hasbeen withdrawn from the inlet fitting.

19. In a lubricating installation for a machine structure carryingbearings to be lubricated, the combination of a distributing pipe systemafllxed upon the structure, said system including branches with flowrate restricting outlets provided with spring-seated check valve meansand leading respectively to corresponding bearings, said branch systemhaving a single inlet readily accessible from the exterior of themachine, said inlet comprising a tting constructed and arranged forremovable application thereto o! a supply of lubricant under pressure bymeans of which lubricant may be injected into the pipe system, saidsystem including a single lubricant storage means in advance of all thebranches to eil'ect emission through the outlets after the source ofpressure has been withdrawn from the inlet fitting. 20. In a lubricatinginstallation for a machine structure having a plurality of relativelymovable structural elements connected to each other, in combination,lubricating piping distributing systems on said elements, said systemshaving a plurality of outlets to bearings on said respective elements tobe lubricated, each said system further comprising a plurality of metalpiping sections iixed upon the corresponding element, said systems beingprovided with substantially identical inlet iittings for the applicationof a lubricant gun, said inlet fittings consisting of nipples providedwith spring seated check valves and said gun being provided withdetachable female nipple means to be received upon and embrace saidinlet fitting nipples, said installation being provided with controlmeans to deliver the lubricant in predetermined proportions to thebearings to be lubricated, said gun being adapted to be manuallyattached to said inlet nipples by a quick detachable connection and eachof said systems being adapted to be successively supplied with lubricantby said gun by manually making detachable connections therewith andactuating said gun to supply lubricant to the system to feed thebearings, said outlets of said piping distributing systems being alsoprovided with springseated check valves cooperating with thespringseated check valves in the inlet iittings to maintain the pipingdistributing systems substantially filled with lubricant.

21. In a 1ubricating instauation for a machine structure having aplurality of relatively movable structural elements connected to eachother, in combination, piping systems attached to the said elements,each being independent of the others and consisting oi a plurality ofsections of metal piping fixed upon the corresponding element, andhaving outlets to the bearings to be lubricated on said elements, saidsystems having independent readily detachable inlet connectionsrespectively carried upon the elements, in a position readily accessiblefor the application of a lubrican gun from the exterior of the structuresaid inlet connections consisting of male nipples each provided withspring-seated check valves and said gun being provided with a singlepressure applying piston member enclosed in a cylinder and provided atone end with manually detachable female nipple means to be received uponand embrace said male nipple, said systems being successively suppliedwith lubricant pressure from said gun by successive manual detachableconnections between the female nipple means of said gun and the malenipples of said systems, said installation being alsovprovided withmeans to predetermine the proportion of lubricant among said bearings,said last mentioned means including fittings serving to connect theoutlets of said sections of metal piping to the bearings to belubricated and each including a ller member to cause metering of thelubricant, a strainer member to protect said filler member and aspringseated check valve member to cooperate with the spring-seatedcheck valves in said inlet connections and maintain said piping systemssubstantially lled with lubricant at all times.

AUTO RESEARCH CORPORATION.

Assignee of Joseph Biy'ur, deceased, By EDWARD H. KOCHER,

Presiden' t.

